/* ===========================================================
   CSBL — Computational Systems Biotechnology Lab
   Design tokens taken from the source design (CSBL Site.dc.html):
   Source Serif 4 (statements), Public Sans (text), IBM Plex Mono (labels)
   =========================================================== */

:root {
  --accent: #2E63C8;
  --navy: #0E2A4E;
  --ink: #1b2738;
  --footer-navy: #0A1E3A;
  --muted: #5C6675;
  --muted-2: #7a818c;
  --faint: #9a9aa2;
  --line: #E8E8EC;
  --placeholder: #d2d2d8;
  --paper: #FFFFFF;

  --serif: 'Source Serif 4', Georgia, serif;
  --sans: 'Public Sans', system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
  --mono: 'IBM Plex Mono', ui-monospace, monospace;

  --maxw: 1180px;
  --gutter: 64px;

  --tint: #F5F7FA;
  --radius: 10px;
  --radius-lg: 28px;
  --radius-pill: 999px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 100vh;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

input, textarea, select, button { font-family: var(--sans); }

a { color: inherit; }

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: -999px;
  top: 0;
  background: var(--navy);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  z-index: 200;
  border-radius: 0 0 10px 0;
  font-size: 14px;
}
.skip-link:focus { left: 0; }

/* Visible keyboard focus everywhere */
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, [tabindex]:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.container {
  max-width: var(--maxw);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-left: var(--gutter);
  padding-right: var(--gutter);
}

/* ============ HEADER ============ */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 30;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .85);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.header-inner {
  max-width: var(--maxw);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 22px 56px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 48px;
}
.wordmark {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 3px;
  text-decoration: none;
  flex: none;
}
.wordmark-main {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 23px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  color: var(--navy);
}
.wordmark-sub {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  white-space: nowrap;
  color: var(--faint);
}

.primary-nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: flex-end;
}
.primary-nav a {
  position: relative;
  font-size: 14px;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #3a4250;
  white-space: nowrap;
  padding: 4px 0;
}
.primary-nav a:hover { color: var(--navy); }
.primary-nav a.active {
  color: var(--navy);
  font-weight: 600;
}
.primary-nav a.active::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -5px;
  height: 2px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 5px;
  width: 40px;
  height: 36px;
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  cursor: pointer;
  flex: none;
}
.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  height: 2px;
  width: 18px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  background: var(--navy);
  transition: transform .2s ease, opacity .2s ease;
}
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg); }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg); }

/* ============ GENERIC PAGE / TYPOGRAPHY ============ */
main { min-height: 62vh; }

.page { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto; padding: 96px var(--gutter) 112px; }

.eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
}
.page-head { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.page-title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 50px;
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0;
}
.page-title::before,
.research-hero-title::before {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: 28px;
  height: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.lede {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--muted);
  max-width: 680px;
}

.link-arrow {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.link-arrow:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* Image placeholder slots (mirrors the design's image-slot component) */
.slot {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-align: center;
  background: #F4F5F7;
  border: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(14, 42, 78, .10);
  color: var(--faint);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  overflow: hidden;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
}
.slot span { padding: 10px; }

/* ============ HOME ============ */
.hero {
  padding: 148px var(--gutter) 116px;
  text-align: center;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--tint) 0%, var(--paper) 100%);
  border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-lg) var(--radius-lg);
}
.hero-inner { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto; }
.hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 54px;
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -.01em;
  color: var(--navy);
  max-width: 860px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
.hero p {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
  max-width: 620px;
  margin: 30px auto 0;
}
.hero-cta {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 28px;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: 46px;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.hero-cta a { text-decoration: none; }
.hero-cta .primary {
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--navy);
  padding: 15px 30px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  transition: background .15s ease;
}
.hero-cta .primary:hover { background: #163a68; }
.hero-cta .secondary { color: var(--muted); padding-bottom: 4px; }

.section { max-width: var(--maxw); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 var(--gutter) 104px; }

.section-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 46px;
}
.section-head h2 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 30px;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0;
}
.section-head h2::before {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: 24px;
  height: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.label-head {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin: 0;
}

.research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 48px 72px;
}
.research-item { display: flex; gap: 22px; }
.research-item .num {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--accent);
  padding-top: 5px;
}
.research-item h3 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 21px;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}
.research-item p {
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: 0;
}

.home-columns {
  max-width: var(--maxw);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--gutter) 112px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 72px;
}
.mini-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.mini-head .label-head::before {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: 20px;
  height: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.news-row {
  display: block;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 20px 0;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.news-row .meta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.news-row .title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 19px;
  color: var(--navy);
  line-height: 1.3;
}
.news-row:hover .title { color: var(--accent); }

.pub-mini { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 20px 0; }
.pub-mini .title { font-size: 15px; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.45; font-weight: 500; }
.pub-mini .venue {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 13.5px;
  color: var(--muted-2);
  margin-top: 5px;
}

/* ============ RESEARCH PAGE ============ */
.research-hero-title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 50px;
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 760px;
}
.research-row {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 58px 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 96px 1fr;
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: baseline;
}
.research-row .big-num {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 40px;
  font-weight: 300;
  color: var(--placeholder);
  line-height: 1;
}
.research-row h3 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 30px;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 14px;
}
.research-row p {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 760px;
}

/* ============ PROFESSOR ============ */
.prof-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 320px 1fr;
  gap: 72px;
  align-items: start;
}
.prof-photo { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 4/5; margin-bottom: 24px; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 14px 36px rgba(14, 42, 78, .14); }
.kicker {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--faint);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.prof-contact { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.9; color: #3a4250; }
.prof-contact a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
.prof-name {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 44px;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}
.prof-name::before {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: 28px;
  height: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.prof-role { font-size: 16px; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 34px; }
.prof-bio { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.7; color: #3a4250; max-width: 680px; margin: 0 0 18px; }
.prof-bio:last-of-type { margin-bottom: 48px; }
.edu-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 90px 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 16px 0;
}
.edu-row .deg { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 13px; color: var(--faint); }
.edu-row .what { font-size: 15px; color: var(--navy); }
.edu-note { display: block; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted-2); margin-top: 3px; }
.appt-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 16px 0;
}
.appt-row .deg { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 13px; color: var(--faint); white-space: nowrap; }
.appt-row .what { font-size: 15px; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.5; }

/* ============ TABS / FILTER CHIPS ============ */
.tabs { display: flex; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.chip {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 13px;
  padding: 9px 20px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  cursor: pointer;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--muted);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-weight: 500;
}
.chip:hover { border-color: var(--placeholder); }
.chip.active {
  background: var(--navy);
  color: #fff;
  font-weight: 600;
  border-color: var(--navy);
}

/* ============ MEMBERS ============ */
.member-section { margin-bottom: 64px; }
.member-group-label {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--faint);
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.member-group-label::before {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: 20px;
  height: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.member-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 40px 32px;
}
.member-card .photo { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 4/5; margin-bottom: 16px; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(14, 42, 78, .12); }
.member-card .name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 19px; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 3px; }
.member-card .role {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.member-card .interest { font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--muted-2); margin-bottom: 10px; }
.member-contacts { display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.member-contacts a {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--navy);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--placeholder);
  padding-bottom: 1px;
}
.member-contacts a:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent); }

.alumni-row {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 24px 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 120px 1fr;
  gap: 36px;
  align-items: baseline;
}
.alumni-row .year { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 13px; color: var(--faint); }
.alumni-row .name { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 21px; color: var(--navy); margin-bottom: 4px; }
.alumni-hangul { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted-2); margin-left: 6px; }
.alumni-row .place { font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--muted); }
.alumni-note { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.65; color: var(--muted); max-width: 680px; margin: 24px 0 8px; }

/* ============ PUBLICATIONS ============ */
.pub-year-group { margin-top: 40px; }
.pub-year {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 34px;
  color: var(--placeholder);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.pub-item {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 30px 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  align-items: flex-start;
}
.pub-item .body { max-width: 780px; }
.pub-item .authors { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted-2); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.pub-item .authors .author-highlight {
  color: var(--navy);
  font-weight: 700;
}
.pub-item h3 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 21px;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 8px;
}
.pub-item .venue {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 15px;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.venue-journal { font-style: italic; }
.tag-list { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.tag {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
  background: rgba(14, 42, 78, .055);
  border: none;
  padding: 5px 11px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
}
.pub-links { display: flex; gap: 8px; flex: none; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: flex-start; }
.pub-links a,
.pub-links button {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--navy);
  border: none;
  background: rgba(14, 42, 78, .06);
  padding: 7px 15px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.pub-links a:hover,
.pub-links button:hover { background: var(--navy); color: #fff; }

.pub-funding {
  flex-basis: 100%;
  margin-left: 0;
  margin-top: 0;
  max-width: 780px;
  padding: 18px 22px 16px;
  background: rgba(14, 42, 78, .045);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  color: #344154;
}
.pub-funding .funding-label {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted-2);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}
.pub-funding ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 18px;
}
.pub-funding li {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  margin: 3px 0;
}
.pub-funding p {
  font-size: 12px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--muted-2);
  margin: 10px 0 0;
}

.modal-backdrop {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(10, 30, 58, .42);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 28px;
}
.pub-modal {
  position: relative;
  width: min(680px, 100%);
  max-height: min(720px, 86vh);
  overflow: auto;
  background: #fff;
  border: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: 0 24px 80px rgba(14, 42, 78, .26);
  padding: 44px 46px 40px;
}
.modal-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 18px;
  right: 20px;
  width: 34px;
  height: 34px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--navy);
  font-size: 24px;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
}
.modal-close:hover { background: var(--navy); color: #fff; border-color: var(--navy); }
.insight-copy {
  padding-right: 10px;
}
.insight-copy p {
  font-size: 16.5px;
  line-height: 1.82;
  color: #344154;
  margin: 0 0 18px;
}
.insight-copy p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* ============ RESOURCES ============ */
.res-type-group { margin-top: 36px; }
.res-type {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 26px;
  color: var(--placeholder);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}
.res-item {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 32px 0;
  display: flex;
  gap: 40px;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-start;
}
.res-item .body { max-width: 780px; }
.res-item h3 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 23px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 6px;
}
.res-item p { font-size: 15.5px; line-height: 1.65; color: var(--muted); margin: 0; }
.res-actions { display: flex; gap: 8px; flex: none; }
.res-actions a {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: .06em;
  color: var(--navy);
  border: none;
  background: rgba(14, 42, 78, .06);
  padding: 8px 16px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  text-decoration: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}
.res-actions a:hover { background: var(--navy); color: #fff; }

/* ============ NEWS ============ */
.news-list-row {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding: 38px 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 180px 1fr;
  gap: 44px;
}
.news-list-row .date { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 12px; color: var(--faint); margin-bottom: 10px; }
.news-cat {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10px;
  letter-spacing: .1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  background: rgba(46, 99, 200, .09);
  border: none;
  padding: 5px 11px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
}
.news-list-row h3 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 25px;
  line-height: 1.25;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 10px;
}
.news-list-row h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.news-list-row h3 a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.news-list-row p { font-size: 15.5px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 12px; max-width: 680px; }
.read-more { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
.read-more:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* News post detail */
.post { max-width: 760px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 84px var(--gutter) 100px; }
.back-link {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--faint);
  text-decoration: none;
}
.back-link:hover { color: var(--navy); }
.post-meta { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; margin: 48px 0 18px; }
.post-date { font-family: var(--mono); font-size: 12px; color: var(--faint); }
.post h1 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 42px;
  line-height: 1.15;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 36px;
}
.post p {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: #3a4250;
  margin: 0 0 24px;
}

/* ============ GALLERY ============ */
.gallery-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 28px; }
.gallery-item .photo { width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 4/3; margin-bottom: 12px; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; box-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(14, 42, 78, .12); }
.gallery-item .caption { font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--muted-2); }

/* ============ CONTACT ============ */
.contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 56px; align-items: start; }
.contact-intro { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.7; color: #3a4250; max-width: 480px; margin: 0 0 40px; }
.contact-row { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 18px 0; }
.contact-row:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.contact-row .k {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--faint);
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}
.contact-row .v { font-size: 16px; color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.6; }
.contact-row .v a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }
.contact-map { display: block; width: 100%; aspect-ratio: 1/1; border: 0; border-radius: var(--radius); box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(14, 42, 78, .10); }
iframe.contact-map { background: #F4F5F7; }

/* ============ FOOTER ============ */
.site-footer { background: var(--footer-navy); border-radius: var(--radius-lg) var(--radius-lg) 0 0; }
.footer-inner {
  max-width: var(--maxw);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 60px var(--gutter);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-end;
  gap: 32px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.footer-mark { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 22px; color: #fff; margin-bottom: 12px; }
.footer-addr { font-size: 13.5px; line-height: 1.7; color: #9fb0c8; }
.footer-right { text-align: right; }
.footer-nav { display: flex; gap: 22px; justify-content: flex-end; margin-bottom: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.footer-nav a { font-size: 13px; color: #bcc8dd; text-decoration: none; }
.footer-nav a:hover { color: #fff; }
.footer-copy {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: #6d80a0;
}

/* ===========================================================
   RESPONSIVE
   =========================================================== */
@media (max-width: 1040px) {
  :root { --gutter: 40px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: 46px; }
  .page-title, .research-hero-title { font-size: 42px; }
  .member-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .header-inner { padding: 18px 40px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
  .nav-toggle { display: flex; }
  .primary-nav {
    flex-basis: 100%;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 2px;
    max-height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: max-height .28s ease;
  }
  .primary-nav.open { max-height: 520px; margin-top: 14px; }
  .primary-nav a { width: 100%; padding: 11px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }

  .hero { padding: 84px var(--gutter) 64px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: 38px; }
  .research-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 36px; }
  .home-columns { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 48px; }
  .prof-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 40px; }
  .prof-photo { max-width: 320px; }
  .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 40px; }
  .member-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .gallery-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  :root { --gutter: 24px; }
  .page { padding: 56px var(--gutter) 72px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: 32px; }
  .hero p, .lede { font-size: 16px; }
  .page-title, .research-hero-title { font-size: 34px; }
  .research-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 14px; }
  .research-row .big-num { font-size: 30px; }
  .research-row h3 { font-size: 24px; }
  .pub-item, .res-item { flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; }
  .pub-links { justify-content: flex-start; }
  .pub-funding { margin-left: 0; margin-top: 0; padding: 16px 18px; }
  .modal-backdrop { align-items: flex-start; padding: 18px; }
  .pub-modal { padding: 34px 24px 28px; max-height: 90vh; }
  .news-list-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 14px; }
  .alumni-row { grid-template-columns: 80px 1fr; gap: 20px; }
  .member-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 28px 20px; }
  .gallery-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .footer-inner { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .footer-right { text-align: left; }
  .footer-nav { justify-content: flex-start; }
  .post h1 { font-size: 32px; }
  .post p { font-size: 17px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  * { transition: none !important; }
}